Regulation on the Protection of Biometric Data in European Identity Cards

The European Parliament has adopted a text strengthening the protection of biometric data stored on European identity cards. This measure comes in a context of developing identification technologies and aims to ensure a balance between security and respect for privacy. All holders of European identity cards are affected by these new provisions.

Context and Objectives

This regulation fits within the framework of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, particularly Article 77 concerning border control policies. The main objective is to strictly regulate the collection, storage and use of biometric data (fingerprints and facial images) while maintaining a high level of security for identity documents.

Key Measures

• Restricted access to biometric data only to authorized personnel of national and European authorities
• Mandatory deletion of facial images once legitimate purposes are achieved
• Specific training for personnel for collecting biometric data from children and vulnerable persons
• Compliance with international standards (ICAO) for gender designation in documents
• Strict control of data processing by external providers
• Prohibition of data transfer to third countries without sufficient guarantees

Timeline and Implementation

The European Commission must present evaluation reports two years and then eleven years after the regulation enters into force. Member States are responsible for effective implementation, with enhanced control by the European Data Protection Supervisor. Cooperation between Member States will be coordinated by the Commission.

Impact for Citizens and Stakeholders

Citizens will benefit from better protection of their personal data while maintaining the reliability of their identity documents. National authorities will need to adapt their procedures and train their staff. Private companies using this data will have to comply with strict conditions. The balance between security and protection of fundamental rights is at the heart of this system.