Approval of genetically modified cotton COT102 on the European market

The European Parliament has adopted a position on the approval of genetically modified cotton COT102 on the European Union market. This decision came after a thorough assessment of the product's safety for human health, animal health and the environment. The text addresses both producers and consumers who may encounter products derived from this cotton.

Context and objectives

The legal basis is Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 on genetically modified food and feed. The objective is to establish a framework for the approval of COT102 cotton, which produces insecticidal proteins (Bt toxins) and contains an antibiotic resistance marker. The assessment was carried out by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

Key measures

• Authorization of marketing of products containing genetically modified cotton COT102
• Prohibition of cultivation of this cotton on European Union territory
• Permission for use in human and animal food, except cultivation
• Monitoring of effects on health and environment
• Respect for the precautionary principle in risk assessment
• Consideration of Member States' observations

Timeline and implementation

The European Commission's implementing decision was adopted in 2024. The Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed did not adopt a position in July 2024, and the Appeal Committee proceeded similarly in September 2024. Implementation will be monitored by national authorities and European institutions.

Impact for citizens and stakeholders

Consumers may encounter food products containing COT102 cottonseed oil in various preparations. Food producers have access to a new raw material. Concerns are mentioned regarding Bt toxins and the antibiotic resistance marker, but EFSA considered the product as safe as conventional cotton. Continuous monitoring of potential health effects is important.